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Salud pública Méx ; 59(supl.1): 63-72, 2017. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-846086

ABSTRACT

Resumen: Objetivo: Analizar factores psicosociales asociados con la decisión de fumar en estudiantes de entre 13 y 15 años de edad en la Ciudad de México. Material y métodos: Se utilizaron modelos de regresión logística de la Encuesta de Tabaquismo en Jóvenes (n=945) y cuatro grupos focales (GF) en dos escuelas secundarias, realizada en 2011 y 2012. Resultados: Factores asociados a fumar: a) creer que es seguro (RM=2.4, IC95% 1.28-4.7), GF: capacidad de control sobre consumo y daños a largo plazo; b) tener al menos un padre fumador (RM=1.6, IC95% 1.1-2.3), GF: influyen para iniciar/mantener consumo; c) tener amigos fumadores (RM=5.0, IC95% 1.9-13.6), GF: influyen para experimentación/repetición, escuelas sin normas sobre prohibición y tener acceso a cigarros (RM=2.1, IC95% 0.9-4.1). Factores protectores: a) creer que es dañino (RM=0.3, IC95% 0.14-0.65), GF: rechazo a convivencia con fumadores; b) comunicación con familia (RM=0.5, IC95% 0.36-0.91), GF: apelar al auto-cuidado; c) Considerarse joven para fumar (RM=0.2, IC95% 0.12-0.43), GF: conocimientos sobre daños y percepción de riesgo. Conclusión: Se deben fortalecer destrezas psicosociales positivas y el cumplimiento de legislación de protección a jóvenes.


Abstract: Objective: To analyze psychosocial factors associated with the decision to smoke in students 13 to 15 years in Mexico City. Materials and methods: Logistic regression models of Youth Tobacco Survey (n=945) and four Focus Groups (GF) in two secondary schools, conducted in 2011-2012, were used. Results: Factors associated with smoking: a) believe that it is safe (OR=2.4, CI95% 1.28-4.7), GF: ability to control over consumption and long-term damage; b) to have at least one smoking parent (OR=1.6, CI95% 1.1-2.3), GF: influence to start/maintain consumption; c) to have friends who smoke (OR=5.0, CI95% 1.9-13.6), GF: influence to experimentation/repeat, schools without rules on prohibition and have access to cigarettes (OR=2.1, CI95% 0.9-4.1). Protective factors: a) believe that it is harmful (OR=0.3, CI95% 0.14-0.65), GF: rejection of cohabitation with smokers; b) communication with family (OR=0.5, CI95% 0.36-0.91), GF: appeal to self-care; c) consider is young for smoking (OR=0.2, CI95% 0.12-0.43), GF: knowledge about damage and risk perception. Conclusion: It is necessary to strengthen positive psychosocial skills and strengthen compliance with youth protection legislation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Attitude to Health , Smoking/psychology , Decision Making , Students/psychology , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Mexico
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